I. Routine physical examination items for cats
Cat physical examination generally includes three aspects, Physical examination, laboratory examination and imaging examination
The first is physical examination. Starting from the whole body of the cat, physical examination generally includes inspection, palpation and auscultation.
1. Mental state:
From an overall perspective, see if the cat’s consciousness is awake? Whether the cat responds and is interested in external activities, here refers to whether the cat responds to toys such as a cat stick or an unfamiliar environment.
2. Nervous system:
Observe whether the cat has abnormal gait and posture, and whether there are obvious neurological symptoms such as tilted head or nystagmus.
3. Eyes:
Check whether the cat has eyelid inside and outside, whether the surface of the eyeball is clear and clean, whether there is eye mucus at the corner of the eye, whether the eyes are symmetrical, etc.
4. Ear:
Lift the pinna to look at the outermost ear canal, and then use an otoscope to look at the deep part of the external auditory canal to see if there is any exudate, earwax or Ear canal wall redness?
5. Teeth:
Press the gingival flesh to see how quickly the tissue returns to blood supply after the hand is lifted, and check for calculus, missing teeth, red and swollen gums, etc.
6. Nasal cavity:
Check whether there is extra secretion, whether the nose mirror is smooth and moist, etc.
7. Body surface skin:
Check the cat’s hair quality, whether there is severe hair loss and scaling, whether there are lumps and parasites, etc.
8. Cardiopulmonary system:
Use a stethoscope to check if the heart rhythm is normal? Is there a heart murmur? Does the heart beat regularly? Are there any unusual sounds when breathing?
9. Anal exam:
Look for any unusual color, redness, or unusual discharge.
10. Musculoskeletal system;
By palpation, palpate large joints such as hips, elbows, and knees to look for muscle loss? Are there any joints that can cause pain to the touch?
11. Body temperature:
The normal anal temperature is about 38.6-39.2 degrees Celsius, and the thigh root temperature is -0.5.
Second, laboratory tests, including ear, skin, stool, blood, and biochemistry
1. Ear examination
The ear canal secretions will be collected, mainly by microscope, supplemented by otoscopy, to check whether there is ear mites and mulasse infections.
2. Skin examination
The skin on the surface of the body is mainly inspected and palpated. If a suspected lesion is found, a skin scraping is required, and a microscope is used to judge whether it is a bacterial infection or a fungus. sexual infection.
3. Fecal examination
Mainly to check whether the cat is infected with parasites, to determine the vitality of the cat’s intestinal flora and the digestion of the cat. If white blood cells are observed, the cat may be There is intestinal inflammation, there are red blood cells, there may be intestinal bleeding.
4. Blood routine
Mainly from three aspects: white blood cells (dehydration), red blood cells (inflammation), platelets (endocrine, immune-mediated diseases, etc.),
Blood routine can usually determine the cat’s health, but it still depends on the cat’s physical examination, clinical symptoms and biochemical tests.
5. Biochemical examination
Can check the cat’s liver and gallbladder system and kidney system diseases, such as protein test can detect the synthesis and metabolism of the cat’s liver.
Third, the last is imaging examination, including B-ultrasound and X-ray
1.B Ultrasound includes full abdominal ultrasound and cardiac ultrasound
For all cats, it is recommended to choose full abdominal ultrasound. For large adult cats, it is recommended to do both full abdominal ultrasound and cardiac ultrasound.
B-ultrasound can see the morphological changes of the internal organs in the abdomen, such as whether there is tumor in the abdominal cavity, whether there are lesions in the liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, intestinal tract, etc., whether the lymph nodes are enlarged and atrophied Case.
2. X-rays can roughly assess the cat’s chest problems
For example, whether there is a lung tumor, whether the heart is enlarged, etc. Of course, if you want to be more secure, you can take a CT scan.
Cat physical examination is indeed a complicated and tedious matter, but, with some understanding, the owner can make corresponding decisions, bringing A more secure life.
