Can pet dogs also be anemia? Yes, anemia not only occurs in humans, but dogs can also suffer from it, but there are still many owners who do not understand why dogs still have anemia symptoms. As the number of animals raised in China increases, so does their health. What are the symptoms of anemia in pet dogs, and what should I do? The following editor will provide the treatment methods for anemia in pet dogs!
Anemia refers to lower than normal fibrillar cell count, hemoglobin content, and hematocrit volume (specific volume) per unit volume of blood value below. The clinical manifestations are mucous membranes, rapid rate and respiration, and general weakness.
Anemia can be divided into hemorrhagic anemia, hemolytic anemia, nutritional anemia, and aplastic anemia
I. Hemorrhagic anemia
Etiology: Acute hemorrhagic anemia, due to trauma or surgery, internal organs (such as the liver, spleen, caval artery and vena cava, etc.) and extracorporeal blood vessels are ruptured, causing massive hemorrhage, causing sudden hemolysis in the body to reduce.
Chronic hemorrhagic anemia is mainly due to chronic hemorrhagic inflammation of the stomach, intestines, lungs, kidneys, bladder, and uterus; common symptoms: are visible mucous membranes, pale skin, rapid heartbeat, and generalized muscle weakness. Symptoms are proportional to the amount of bleeding. Excessive bleeding can manifest as collapse, restlessness, decreased blood pressure, cold limbs, ears and nose, unsteady gait, muscle tremors, drowsiness, lethargy, and shock in the later stage.
The initial symptoms are not obvious in dogs with low bleeding volume and chronic bleeding. However, the sick dog can be seen gradually losing weight; the visible mucous membrane slowly develops from light red to white, lack of energy, general weakness, lethargy, lack of activity, fast and weak pulse, and shallow breathing. Slight edema of the mandible and limbs is often seen. Severe cases can lead to shock, heart failure, and death.
Diagnosis: According to clinical symptoms, red blood cell count and hematocrit examination can confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment: Hemostasis, recovery of hemolysis.
??For traumatic bleeding, ligation, compression, and tourniquet can be used to stop bleeding. For the bleeding at the end of the extremities, the owner can use a tourniquet to stop the bleeding and immediately send it to the veterinary hospital for treatment.
?? Injection of hemostatic drugs: hemostatic 25 mg/kg body weight; vitamin K 30.4 mg/kg body weight; vitamin K 11 mg/kg body weight; coagulation 1.5 mg/kg body weight.
?? Dextran, glucose, compound saline, and amino acid preparations can be intravenously infused to supplement the blood volume. Conditional veterinary hospitals should conduct blood transfusion therapy.
2. Hemolytic anemia
Anemia caused by the massive destruction of red blood cells due to various reasons is called hemolytic anemia.
Etiology:
Infectious diseases. Such as leptospirosis, herpes pathogens, trypanosomiasis, hemolytic streptococcus infection, and so on.
Harmful diseases. Heavy metal poisoning such as lead, copper, arsenic, mercury, etc.; chemical poisoning: benzene, element, phenol, sulfonamide, etc. Hemolytic anemia can also be caused by inhalation of TNT explosives by police dogs on duty.
Antigen-antibody reaction. Hemolytic anemia of newborn dogs, due to the difference between newborns’ blood types and mother dogs’ blood types, an antigen-antibody reaction occurs after eating breast milk, resulting in hemolytic anemia of young dogs. Transfusions of different blood types can also cause hemolysis.
Other factors, such as febrile disease, lymphosarcoma, myeloid leukemia, plasma hemoglobinemia, and erythrocyte pyruvate kinase deficiency, can cause hemolytic anemia.
Symptoms:
The main symptoms are yellowing of the mucous membranes, yellowing of the skin and corners of the mouth, depression, motor weakness, weight loss, and later visible mucous membranes. White and yellow, lethargy, hemoglobinuria, decreased body.
Treatment:
Expand the amount of hemolysis, remove the cause, and treat symptomatically.
Rehydration and blood transfusion therapy. Toxic disease, give antidote; parasitic infection, give insecticide treatment at the same time combined with hormone therapy, such as cortisone, prednisone, dexamethasone.
3. Nutritional anemia
It refers to anemia caused by the lack of certain hematopoietic substances, which affects the production of red blood cells and hemoglobin.
Etiology:
Mainly due to a lack of protein, iron, copper, cobalt, and vitamins.
Protein deficiency: caused by insufficient protein intake or chronic digestive dysfunction.
??Deficiency of trace elements: iron, copper, and cobalt deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia are common clinically. Iron is necessary for hemoglobin synthesis; copper deficiency can lead to reduced hemoglobin synthesis.
??Vitamin deficiency: Lack of vitamin B1, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, folic acid, niacin, etc., will lead to obstacles in the production of red blood cells and hemoglobin synthesis, resulting in nutritional anemia.
Most of the above factors are caused by a single diet, chronic digestive tract diseases, and intestinal parasitic diseases in dogs, which can cause intestinal absorption dysfunction, resulting in nutritional anemia over time.
Symptoms:
Nutritional anemia develops slowly and mainly manifests as progressive wasting, malnutrition, physical weakness, curled abdomen, rough coat, pale mucous membranes, weakness in later movements, shaking, difficulty getting up from the ground until lying down, and systemic failure.
Treatment: Strengthen feeding, supplement hematopoietic substances, and give protein-rich and vitamin-rich foods.
Ferrous sulfate 50 mg/kg body weight, orally 2-3 times/day. Cobalt chloride 0.3% solution, orally 3-5 ml/day.
Vitamin B15-10 mg/kg body weight, vitamin B125-10 ml/kg body weight, mixed intramuscular injection, l times/day. Folic acid 1-3 mg/kg body weight orally, once daily.
In addition, glucose and various amino acid preparations can be supplemented to help the recovery of body functions.
